Important parasites affecting livestock in Haryana have been identified. The critical periods of the year with maximum load of parasites like amphistomes, fasciolids and strongyles have been elucidated for proper control measures. Effective anthelmentic schedules for above parasites have been developed.
A forewarning system for Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. has been prepared based on biohythergraphs.
Haemonchus contortus, the predominant gastrointestinal nematode has been found resistant to tetramisole hydrochloride, fenbendazole and morentel in some sheep flock of both organized and unorganized sectors of most of the districts of Haryana and also to closantel and rafoxanide in organized sector.
Incidence of visceral schistosomosis due to Schistosoma indicum is increasing year after year in sheep of eastern Haryana. Praziquantel @ 25mg/kg b. wt orally, successfully treated visceral schitososmosis, which was known to have no effective treatment so far.
Strongyloidosis was found to be major helminthic problem in buffalo calves under organized management system. Commonly used anthelminthics proved ineffective, whereas ivermentin proved effective against such infection.
Sixteen species of ixodid ticks belonging to 5 genera and 2 species of soft ticks parasitizing various species of livestock and poultry in Haryana have been reported. A new species Nosomma monstrosum infesting buffaloes has been reported for the first time in the state.
Effective acaricidal control of various tick infestations and mange infestation in camels, sheep and dogs have been devised based on in vitro and in vivo trails on various acaricidal agents. Recommendations have been transmitted to the beneficiaries through tips to Vets, Haryana Kheti / Haryana Farming.
An effective method for strategic control of tick infestation in cattle has been devised which has been adopted by many Gaushalas and organized farms.
Different components of Hyalomma anatolicum and H. dromedarii ticks have been tried to introduce protective immunity, the whole ticks extract and midgut antigens have shown promising results.
The techniques for assessment of Theileria infectivity of field collected Hyalomma ticks have been standardized and used for epidemiological studies on bovine tropical theileriosis to know the Theileria-transmission potential of various Hyalomma ticks.
Antibody based immunological tests for diagnosis of tissue phase toxocarosis in buffaloes have been standardized.
Flumethrin pour-on preparation @ 1mg/kg. b. wt. was highly effective against Boophilus and Hyalomma tick infestations in cattle and buffaloes. This drug when used @ 2mg/kg b.wt. was also highly effective against sarcoptic mange in pigs as it resulted in complete elimination of the mites with 100% clinical recovery after its second application on day 10 post treatment.
Cypermethrin @ 5ml/lt as swab application and foramectin @ 1ml/50 kg b. wt. s/c were found to be 100% effective against ‘blow fly strike’ in sheep and are recommended for field use.
The most prevalent ascariosis disease in buffalo and cow-calves can effectively be controlled by deworming the calves at the age of 11th and 30th day be larvicidal drugs like fenbendazole (@ 5mg/kg b. wt.) and levamisole (@ 7.5 mg/kg b.wt.). Repeat at one month interval till 3 months of age.
Studies pertaining to anticoccidial drug resistance have indicated that the continuous use of commonly used drugs like clopidol, maduramicin and salinomycin has resulted in the emergence of resistant strains of the causative agent i.e. Eimeria tenella. Further, the efficacy of monesin was also not upto the mark.
To overcome this problem of anticoccidial resistance, the studies conducted indicate that the feeding of neem leaf powder. @ 7mg/kg b. wt. atleast for 15 days to broiler chicks in feed will certainly be effective in controlling the caecal coccidiosis.
Out of the twenty one field trials conducted to study anthelmintic resistance against morantel citrate and ivermectin in sheep flocks of Sirsa, Bhiwani, Fatehabad, Rohtak and Jind districts, worms of none of the sheep flocks were found resistant to these drugs. The results suggested that both the drugs can be used to treat the sheep of unorganized sector in these districts.
MAb-LAT (monoclonal antibody latex agglutination test) for the diagnosis of Trypanosoma evansi was developed.
Buxtonella sulcata (previously considered as Balantidium coli) is a major gut protozoa in ruminants in Haryana.
Schistosoma nasale has neen reported for the first time in Haryana in Shivalik hills.
The GIS and remote sensing based map of snail-borne diseases of livestock in Haryana was prepared and validated on ground truth collection.
